Important Name Reactions Class 12

Important Name Reactions Dear students in Class 12 Board examination (AISSCE) Name reactions award you 2 marks. This post will ensure these marks in your examination.
S.No	Name of Reaction	Unit with page number in NCERT	For what?
1	Finkelstein Reaction	Unit 10 (Haloalkanes and Haloarenes) at 295	Preparation of Alkyl Iodide from any other Alkyl Chloride/Bromide

2	Swarts Reaction	Unit 10 (Haloalkanes and Haloarenes) at 296	Preparation of Alkyl Fluoride from any other Alkyl Chloride/Bromide

3	Sandmeyer’s Reaction	Unit 10 (Haloalkanes and Haloarenes) at 296	Preparation of Alkyl Halides from any other Primary Aromatic Amine

4	Halogenation of Haloarenes	Unit 10 (Haloalkanes and Haloarenes) at 314	Substitution of Halogen on Haloarenes

5	Nitration of Haloarenes	Unit 10 (Haloalkanes and Haloarenes) at 314	Substitution of Nitro group on Haloarenes

6	Sulphonation of Haloarenes	Unit 10 (Haloalkanes and Haloarenes) at 314	Substitution of Sulphonic acid group on Haloarenes

7	Friedel Craft Alkylation of Haloarenes	Unit 10 (Haloalkanes and Haloarenes) at 315	Substitution of Alkyl group on Haloarenes

8	Friedel Craft Acylation of Haloarenes	Unit 10 (Haloalkanes and Haloarenes) at 315	Substitution of Acyl group on Haloarenes

9	Wurtz Reaction	Unit 10 (Haloalkanes and Haloarenes) at 311	Alkyl halides react with sodium in dry ether to give hydrocarbons containing double the number of carbon atoms present in the halide.

10	Wurtz-Fittig Reaction	Unit 10 (Haloalkanes and Haloarenes) at 316	Preparation of Alkyarene by reaction of Alkyl halide and aryl halide with Na in dry ether

11	Fittig Reaction	Unit 10 (Haloalkanes and Haloarenes) at 316	Preparation of Biarene by reaction of Aryl halide and aryl halide with Na in dry ether

12	Hydroboration-Oxidation	Unit 11 (Alcohols, Phenols & Ethers) at 329	Preparation of Alcohols by reaction of alkenes with diborane and hydrogen peroxide in presence of aqueous NaOH

13	Kolbe’s Reaction	Unit 11 (Alcohols, Phenols & Ethers) at 342	Phenoxide ion undergo electrophilic substitution with carbon dioxide (weak electrophilic) to form o-hydroxybenzoic acid

14	Reimer-Tiemenn Reaction	Unit 11 (Alcohols, Phenols & Ethers) at 343	Reaction of phenol with chloroform in presence of NaOH to form salicylaldehyde

15	Williamson Synthesis	Unit 11 (Alcohols, Phenols & Ethers) at 345	Primary alkyl halide reacts with sodium alkoxide to prepare symmetrical/ unsymmetrical ether. SN2 attack of alkoxide ion on alkyl halide


16	Rosenmund Reaction	Unit 12 (Aldehydes, Ketones & Carboxylic Acids) at 362	Acyl chloride is hydrogenated over catalyst, palladium on barium sulphate to prepare aldehyde.

17	Stephen Reaction	Unit 12 (Aldehydes, Ketones & Carboxylic Acids) at 362	Nitriles are reduced to corresponding imine with stannous chloride in the presence of hydrochloric acid, which on hydrolysis give corresponding aldehyde.

18	Etard reaction	Unit 12 (Aldehydes, Ketones & Carboxylic Acids) at 363	Chromyl chloride oxidises methyl group to a chromium complex, which on hydrolysis gives corresponding benzaldehyde.

19	Gatterman-Koch Reaction	Unit 12 (Aldehydes, Ketones & Carboxylic Acids) at 363	When benzene or its derivative is treated with carbon monoxide and hydrogen chloride in the presence of anhydrous aluminium chloride or cuprous chloride, it gives benzaldehyde or substituted benzaldehyde.

20	Clemmensen Reduction	Unit 12 (Aldehydes, Ketones & Carboxylic Acids) at 369	The carbonyl group of aldehydes and ketones is reduced to CH2 group on treatment with zinc-amalgam and concentrated hydrochloric acid

21	Wolff-Kishner Reduction	Unit 12 (Aldehydes, Ketones & Carboxylic Acids) at 369	The carbonyl group of aldehydes and ketones is reduced to CH2 group on treatment with with hydrazine followed by heating with sodium or potassium hydroxide in high boiling solvent such as ethylene glycol.

22	Aldol Condensation	Unit 12 (Aldehydes, Ketones & Carboxylic Acids) at 371	Aldehydes and ketones having at least one α-hydrogen undergo a reaction in the presence of dilute alkali as catalyst to form b-hydroxy aldehydes (aldol) or b-hydroxy ketones (ketol), respectively.

23	Cannizaro Reaction	Unit 12 (Aldehydes, Ketones & Carboxylic Acids) at 372	Aldehydes which do not have an α-hydrogen atom, undergo self oxidation and reduction (disproportionation) reaction on heating with concentrated alkali to produce an alcohol and carboxylic acid salt.

24	Hell-Volhard-Zelinsky Reaction	Unit 12 (Aldehydes, Ketones & Carboxylic Acids) at 383	Carboxylic acids having an α-hydrogen are halogenated at the α-position on treatment with chlorine or bromine in the presence of small amount of red phosphorus to give α-halocarboxylic acids.

25	Gabriel phthalimide Synthesis	Unit 13 (Amines) at 394	Phthalimide on treatment with ethanolic potassium hydroxide forms potassium salt of phthalimide which on heating with alkyl halide followed by alkaline hydrolysis produces the corresponding primary amine.

26	Hoffmann bromamide Reaction	Unit 13 (Amines) at 394	Preparation of primary amines by treating an amide with bromine in an aqueous or ethanolic solution of sodium hydroxide. The amine so formed contains one carbon less than that present in the amide.

27	Carbylamine Reaction	Unit 13 (Amines) at 401	Aliphatic and aromatic primary amines on heating with chloroform and ethanolic potassium hydroxide form isocyanides or carbylamines which are foul smelling substances.

28	Diazotisation	Unit 13 (Amines) at 404	Benzenediazonium chloride is prepared by the reaction of aniline with nitrous acid at 273-278K.

29	Gattermann Reaction	Unit 13 (Amines) at 405	The reaction of benzene diazonium chloride with Cu/HCl and Cu/HBr to prepare chlorobenzene and bromobenzene respectively.

30	Coupling Reaction	Unit 13 (Amines) at 406	The reaction of diazonium salts with phenols and aromatic amines to form azo compounds.